Sustainable gardening focuses on maximizing water efficiency. This is achieved through techniques such as drip irrigation, rainwater harvesting, and selecting native or climate-adapted plants that require less water. Mulch is also used to retain soil moisture.

Using native or locally adapted plants is essential in sustainable gardening. These plants typically need less care, water, and fertilizer as they are suited to the region’s soil and climate. They also help preserve local biodiversity, providing habitat and food for native wildlife.

Avoiding chemical fertilizers and pesticides is another pillar of sustainable gardening. Instead, compost and other organic methods are used to enrich the soil, along with integrated pest management practices that support ecological balance and garden health.

Sustainable gardening involves planning and designing gardens that harmonize with the natural environment. This includes creating spaces that encourage biodiversity, using recycled or low-impact materials, and adopting practices that reduce the garden’s ecological footprint, such as minimizing lawn areas or using perennials that require less maintenance.